Determination of fecal carriage rate of Fluoroquinolone Resistant E. coli in Hospital and community Settings of Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria

Abstract

The level of resistance among Enterobacteriaceae is a worry for world health and of particular concern is the spread of fecal carriage rates of fluoroquinolone-resistance. The present study was conducted to determine the fecal carriage rates of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli in hospital and community settings in Damaturu. A total of 200 participants (100 hospitalized patients and 100 community-dwellers) were included in this study. Stool sample was collected from each participant. A questionnaire was performed in order to evaluate the potential risk factors that are associated with the colonization of resistant bacteria. Media that contained ciprofloxacin (CIP) at concentration of 1 mg/L were used in order to screen for the colonization of CIP-resistant E. coli. The bacterial isolates were further subjected to disc diffusion test in order to confirm the resistance.  The total number of participants in the study comprised of 200 participants; 100 from General Sani Abatcha State Specialist Hospital and 100 participants from the community setting. The overall CIP-resistant E. coli rate was 41.5% (83/200). The age group ranged from 19-30 years consisted of 83 (41.5%) participants. In the age group of 31 years and above, there were 117 (58.5%) participants. There were 108 (54.0%) males and 92 (46.0%) females. In the study population, 58 (29.0%) participants declared that they had GIS (diarrhea) at the time of sample collection. History of antibiotic use among participants in the last 1 year prior to the study was 132 (66.0%). Higher prevalence of fecal carriage of fluoroquinolone E. coli was reported in hospitalized groups than community groups. This study indicates that, intestinal colonization with fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli can occur in both hospital and community settings, therefore, control measures should be implemented to prevent dissemination of resistant bacteria.