Determinants of Hepatitis B Vaccination Uptake among High-Risk Healthcare Workers in Ahmadu Bello University Medical Center, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study examines the determinants of Hepatitis B vaccination uptake among high-risk healthcare workers at Ahmadu Bello University Medical Center, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The research aims to assess the level of knowledge, perceived risk, vaccination status, and factors influencing vaccine uptake among healthcare workers. A descriptive, non-experimental cross-sectional study design was adopted, utilizing self-structured questionnaires administered to 80 healthcare workers selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24 and presented in tables. Findings reveal a high level of knowledge regarding Hepatitis B among healthcare workers, with most recognizing their occupational risk. Despite this awareness, vaccination uptake remains incomplete, with personal beliefs, fears, time constraints, and vaccine availability being the primary barriers to full immunization. The study highlights the need for targeted interventions, including employer-driven vaccination policies, educational workshops, and improved vaccine accessibility. Government and non-governmental organizations should prioritize awareness campaigns and mandatory vaccination programs to enhance protection among high-risk healthcare workers.