Cytological Responses of Dimethoate, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, and their Combination on Pollen Grain Cells: Implications for Plant Reproduction and Development

Authors

  • Yusuf Muhammad Bawa National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Bioresources Development Centre Katsina, Nigeria.
  • Kalimullah Saghir Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina State Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3133-3131
  • Nasir Hassan Wagini Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Scieneces, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University Katsina.
  • Abdullahi Mohammad National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Bioresources Development Centre, Katsina, Nigeria. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4575-7747
  • Bello Ibrahim National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Bioresources Development Centre, Katsina, Nigeria.
  • Mohammed Adamu Garga National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Bioresources Development Centre, Katsina, Nigeria. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8934-1052
  • Mustapha Muhammad Qabasiyu Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina State Nigeria https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7911-8571
  • Muhammad Ma'aruf Department of Animal Health and Production Technology, Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic, Katsina State Nigeria.
  • Aminatu Salihu Abdullahi Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina State Nigeria

Keywords:

Cytology, Cowpea, Pesticides, Pollen grain

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of Dimethoate (A), Lambda-Cyhalothrin (B), and their combination (A+B) on pollen grain cells in the soil at various concentrations. Results indicate significant alterations in exine thickness, pollen grain circumference, and pollen grain width, with the lowest exine thickness observed in soil treated with a combination of Dimethoate and Lambda-Cyhalothrin (A+B) at 10mL/L. Dimethoate (A) at 40mL/L increased exine thickness, while Lambda-Cyhalothrin (B) and the combination (A+B) enhanced pollen grain size and circumference. Pollen grain width was largest in soils treated with Lambda-Cyhalothrin (B) at 10mL/L. Additionally, cellular abnormalities, including stickiness, surface deformation, shrinkage, irregular shapes, and size variation, increased with increased in pesticide concentration. Dimethoate (A) induced the most severe cellular abnormalities, particularly at 50mL/L, with a peak of 31% abnormal cells, compared to 27.3% in Lambda-Cyhalothrin (B) and 20.5% in the combination (A+B). These findings suggest a dose-response relationship between pesticide concentration and cellular disruption. The study emphasizes the potential cytotoxic effects of Dimethoate and Lambda-Cyhalothrin on plant reproduction and development, highlighting the need for sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate pesticide-induced harm. Further research is necessary to explore the molecular mechanisms of these cytological changes and develop strategies to minimize pesticide toxicity in crops.

Keywords: Cytology, Cowpea, Pesticides, Pollen grain

Author Biographies

Kalimullah Saghir, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Katsina State Nigeria

Prof. Kalimullah Saghir.

Nasir Hassan Wagini, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Scieneces, Umaru Musa Yar'adua University Katsina.

Prof. N. H. Wagini

Published

2025-04-26

How to Cite

Muhammad Bawa, Y., Saghir, K., Hassan Wagini, N., Mohammad, A., Ibrahim, B., Adamu Garga, M., Muhammad Qabasiyu, M., Ma’aruf, M., & Salihu Abdullahi, A. (2025). Cytological Responses of Dimethoate, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, and their Combination on Pollen Grain Cells: Implications for Plant Reproduction and Development. UMYU Conference of Microbiology and Related Sciences, 1(1). Retrieved from https://ujmr.umyu.edu.ng/index.php/mcbconference/article/view/897

Similar Articles

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.