The Evaluation of the Quality of Selected Soaps Sold in North-West Geopolitical Zone, Nigeria

Abstract

This study examines the microbial quality of soaps sold in Katsina, Kano, Kaduna, and Jigawa States markets by evaluating the presence and load of bacteria and fungi in various soap brands. Samples were collected from various vendors in these markets and analysed using standard microbiological techniques, including total viable counts and total bacterial and fungal counts. Inadequate manufacturing processes, contamination during handling, and improper storage can compromise the microbial quality of soap, posing potential health risks.

According to the results, there were different degrees of microbial contamination along with possible pathogens such Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Among the several brands, laundry soap was the least effective, and the most common microorganisms found were Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Multipurpose and medicated soaps showed a strong positive connection (r=0.710, P<0.01). The microbial load may have been influenced by elements like subpar raw materials and inadequate packing. The results show that in order to guarantee the safety of soap products in these markets, stronger quality control procedures and regulatory enforcement are required.

Keywords: Soaps, Brands, Quality, Bacteria, Fungi