Determination of Extended –Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae from Diarrhea Infected Children in Kano, Nigeria

Abstract

The study was aimed to determine the Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae from diarrhea infected children in Kano, Nigeria. A total of two hundred and fifty (250) stool samples from infected patients were collected from Microbiology Department of Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital (MMSH). Disc diffusion method was employed to determine the multidrug resistant. Multi drug resistant (MDR) isolates were screened for possible ESBL producing bacteria using antibiotic discs of cefotaxime (30 μg), and ceftriaxone (30 μg) and the suspected ESBL producer strains were subjected to double disc synergy test (DDST) for the confirmation of ESBL producing isolates. Molecular method was employed to determine the resistant gene. A total of 523 enteric bacteria were isolated from stool 250 samples which include E. coli as the predominant species (36.9%), Salmonella (17.6%), Shigella (12.0%), Klebsiella (8.4%), Proteus (7.5%), Enterobacter (8.2%), Citrobacter (5.4%) and Serratia (4.0%). The overall resistance of the isolates to antibiotics in the presence is considerably low as only 5.2% (27 out of 523) isolates were multi drug resistant (MDR) isolates and only 11 (40.7 %) out of the 27 MDR isolates were ESBLs positive and 16 (59.3%) were non ESBLs producing isolates. However, 9 isolates out of the 11 isolates were positively confirmed to be ESBLs producers. Molecular identification confirmed the presence of DNA bands of the expected size for CTX-M, TEM, and SHV resistance genes in the bacterial isolates. It is concluded that multidrug resistant bacteria were present in diarrhea of infected children.