Cytological effects of Dimethoate and Lambda-Cyhalothrin on Pollen Grain Cells Reproduction and Development

Authors

  • Bawa, Y. M. National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Bioresources Development Centre, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4370-7148
  • Kalimullah, S. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria
  • Wagini, N. H. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria
  • Abdullahi, M. National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Bioresources Development Centre, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria
  • Bello, I. National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Bioresources Development Centre, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria
  • Garga, M. A. National Biotechnology Research and Development Agency, Bioresources Development Centre, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria
  • Qabasiyu, M. M. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria
  • Ma’aruf, M. Department of Animal Health and Production Technology, Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic, Katsina State, Nigeria
  • Salihu, A. A. Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.25103.006

Keywords:

Cytology, Cowpea, Pesticides, Pollen grain

Abstract

Study’s Excerpt:

  • Pollen exine thickness decreased most in A+B (10 mL/L) but increased with A (40 mL/L).
  • Lambda-Cyhalothrin (B) at 10 mL/L yielded the largest pollen grain width.
  • Cellular abnormalities rose with pesticide concentration, peaking at 31% in A (50 mL/L).
  • Pesticides altered pollen morphology, showing dose-dependent cytotoxic effects.
  • Findings highlight reproductive risks of pesticides and the need for safer agro-practices.

Full Abstract:

This study investigates the effects of Dimethoate (A) and Lambda-Cyhalothrin (B) on pollen grain cells in the soil at various concentrations. Lowest exine thickness was observed in soil treated with a combination of Dimethoate and Lambda-Cyhalothrin (A+B) at 10mL/L. Dimethoate (A) at 40mL/L increased exine thickness, while Lambda-Cyhalothrin (B) and the combination (A+B) enhanced pollen grain size and circumference. Pollen grain width was largest in soils treated with Lambda-Cyhalothrin (B) at 10mL/L. Additionally, cellular abnormalities, including stickiness, surface deformation, shrinkage, irregular shapes, and size variation, increased with an increase in pesticide concentration. Dimethoate (A) induced the most severe cellular abnormalities, particularly at 50mL/L, with a peak of 31% abnormal cells, compared to 27.3% in Lambda-Cyhalothrin (B) and 20.5% in the combination (A+B). The results indicate significant alterations in exine thickness, pollen grain circumference, and pollen grain width. These findings suggest a dose-response relationship between pesticide concentration and cellular disruption. The study emphasises the potential cytotoxic effects of Dimethoate and Lambda-Cyhalothrin on plant reproduction and development, highlighting the need for sustainable agricultural practices to mitigate pesticide-induced harm. Further research is necessary to explore the molecular mechanisms of these cytological changes and develop strategies to minimise pesticide toxicity in crops.

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Published

30-06-2025

How to Cite

Bawa, Y. M., Kalimullah, S., Wagini, N. H., Abdullahi, M., Bello, I., Garga, M. A., Qabasiyu, M. M., Ma’aruf, M., & Salihu, A. A. (2025). Cytological effects of Dimethoate and Lambda-Cyhalothrin on Pollen Grain Cells Reproduction and Development. UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR), 10(3), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.25103.006

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 3 (2025): Conference Special Issue, UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR), Volume 10, Number 3, June 2025

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Articles

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Copyright (c) 2025 Bawa, Y. M., Kalimullah, S., Wagini, N. H., Abdullahi, M., Bello, I., Garga, M. A., Qabasiyu, M. M., Ma’aruf, M., Salihu, A. A.

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