Policies on Conflict of Interest, Human and Animal Rights, and Informed Consent

Policies on Conflict of Interest, Human and Animal Rights, and Informed Consent

Conflict of Interest
All authors must disclose any actual or potential conflicts of interest that could inappropriately influence, or be perceived to influence, their work. These may include financial relationships, personal relationships, academic competition, or intellectual beliefs. A statement of conflict of interest (or a declaration of none) must be included in the manuscript at the time of submission.

Human and Animal Rights
Research involving human participants must comply with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee, and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. A statement confirming that ethical approval was obtained (including the name of the approving committee and reference number) must be included in the manuscript.
For studies involving animals, authors must ensure that all procedures were performed in accordance with institutional and/or national guidelines for the care and use of animals. A statement detailing compliance with these guidelines, including the ethical approval reference, should be clearly indicated in the manuscript.

Informed Consent
For studies involving human participants, informed consent must be obtained from all individuals included in the study. If applicable, consent for publication (e.g., in case of identifiable images or personal details) must also be obtained. Copies of written consent should be made available to the journal upon request.

Failure to comply with these policies may result in the rejection of the manuscript or retraction of the published article.