Effects of Plasmid Curing on Multi-Drug-Resistant Salmonella from Poultry Litter in Nasarawa Town, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Authors

  • Yakubu Aliyu Department of Applied Biology/Microbiology, School of Applied Sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nigeria
  • Chrinius Hammuel Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Federal University Wukari, Tabara State, Nigeria
  • Ajang Yakubu Abubakar Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
  • Justina Adegba Department of Applied Biology/Microbiology, School of Applied Sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Nasarawa, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.25103.022

Keywords:

Plasmid Curing, Multi-drug Resistance, Salmonella, Poultry Litter

Abstract

Study’s Excerpt:

  • Multidrug-resistant Salmonella was isolated from poultry litter in Nasarawa, Nigeria.
  • Plasmid curing with acridine orange reduced antibiotic resistance in several isolates.
  • Post-curing, all streptomycin-resistant strains became susceptible.
  • Resistance to augmentin and sparfloxacin declined significantly after plasmid curing.
  • Findings reveal plasmid-driven resistance in poultry Salmonella, urging molecular monitoring.

Full Abstract:

The emergence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, often mediated by chromosomal or plasmid-borne genes, poses a significant public health concern.  This study investigated the impact of plasmid curing on multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolates recovered from poultry litter samples in Nasarawa town, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.  A total of 96 poultry litter samples were processed.  Using standard microbiological protocols, Salmonella species were isolated, characterised, tested for antibiotic susceptibility, and subjected to plasmid curing.  Twenty-three Salmonella isolates were screened against ten commonly used antibiotics using the agar disc diffusion technique.  Resistance levels of 56.5%, 43.5%, 34.9%, 39.2%, and 22% were observed for Augmentin, Sparfloxacin, Gentamicin, Co-trimoxazole, and Streptomycin, respectively, indicating that they are multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains.  Acridine orange was employed as the curing agent.  Notably, all five strains initially resistant to streptomycin became susceptible post-curing.  Similarly, all 13 strains resistant to augmentin and 4 out ofthe 9 that were resistant to co-trimoxazole lost resistance after plasmid curing.  Additionally, 6 out of 10 sparfloxacin-resistant strains became susceptible post-treatment.  These findings suggest that plasmid-mediated mechanisms contribute significantly to multidrug resistance in poultry-derived Salmonella.  Further molecular studies are recommended to characterize resistance plasmids and inform policies on prudent antibiotic use in animal husbandry.

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Published

30-06-2025

How to Cite

Aliyu, Y., Hammuel, C., Abubakar, A. Y., & Adegba, J. (2025). Effects of Plasmid Curing on Multi-Drug-Resistant Salmonella from Poultry Litter in Nasarawa Town, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR), 10(3), 207–214. https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.25103.022