Diversity of Fungi Inducing Leaf Spot on Spigelia anthelmia and Porphyrostemma chevalieri
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.1722.017Keywords:
Fungi, Leaf spot, Spigelia anthelmia, Porphyrostemma chevalieriAbstract
Leaf spot is a common descriptive term applied to a number of diseases affecting plants. The majority of spots are caused by fungi. Different leaf spots were observed on Spigelia anthelmia and Porphyrostemma chevalieri in Zaria area, Nigeria. The fungi were isolated by direct plating method on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) amended with streptomycin sulphate (1.5g/l). In vitro inoculation of healthy leaves of these plants produced spots symptoms. Macrophoma sp., Nigrospora aerophila and Trichoderma sp were isolated from Spigelia anthelmia while Macrophomina sp., Alternaria sp., and Helicosporium sp were isolated from Porphyrostemma chevalieri. These uncultivated plants serve as reservoir hosts of these fungi as the fungi isolated have been reported on cultivated plants. It can be concluded from this research that Spigelia anthelmia and Porphyrostemma chevalieri can serve as reservoir hosts of the isolated fungi which may infect the cultivated plants by producing leaf spots. It is therefore recommended that proper weeding is required to prevent the growth and establishment of the uncultivated plants (Spigelia anthelmia and Porphyrostemma chevalieri).
Downloads
References
Abdon, Y. A., Hassan, S. A. and Abbas, H. K. (1980): Seed transmission and pycnidial formation in sesame wilt disease cause by Macrophomina phaseolina. Maubi. Ashby. Agricutural Research Review52: 63-69.
Amadi, J. E. (2001): Studies on the interaction between Curvularia lunatus and a weed Spigelia anthelmia L. Nigerian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,16 (2): 149.
Barnett, H. L. and Hunter, B. B. (1999): Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi.4thed. Minnesota: The American phytopathological Society. 216pp.
Batta, Y. (2003): Alternaria leaf spot disease on cucumber: susceptibility and control using leaf disk assay. An-Najab University Journal of Research,17(2):271-279.
https://doi.org/10.35552/anujr.a.17.2.635
Emechebe, A. M., Erinle, I. D., Bos, W. S., Tyagi P. D., Sundaram, N. V., Manzo, S. K. and Subbarayudu, S. (1980): A check list of diseases of crops in the savanna and semi-arid areas of Nigeria. Samaru Miscellaneous Paper100. Agricultural Research Samaru. Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria. Pp 1-35.
Fuhlbohm, M. J., Ryley, M. J. and Atiken, E. A. B. (2012): New weed host of Macrophomina phaseolina in Australia. Journal of Australian Plant Pathology Society,5:678-680.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13314-012-0082-6
Ibrahim, A. N., Abdel-Hak, T. M. and Mahrous, M. M. (1975): Survival of Alternaria cucumerina the causal organisms of leaf spot diseases of cucurbits. Phytopathology Academic Science Hungary, 10:39-48.
Kamble, R. B. Chaturvedi, A. and Fulzele, A. (2012): First report of Cercosora apii causing leaf spot on Spigelia anthelmia L.(Spigeliaceae) from India. Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology, 42 (3): 391-393
Kehinde, I. A. (2011): Characteristic symptoms of melon diseases caused by fungi in south western Nigeria. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 8(46):5791- 5801.
Kucharek, T. (2000): Alternaria leaf spot of curcubits. Fact sheet. Revised ed. Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida. http://plantpath.ifas.ufl.edu/extension /factsheets/pdfs/ppoo32.pdf.
Mungo, C.M. (1996): Biology and epidemiology of Sphaceloma sp. The Pathogen of cowpea Scab. Unpublished Ph.D Thesis. Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. Motlagh, M. R. S. (2011): Reaction of Major weeds and some rice cultivars to Alternaria pulucida- a potential biocontrol agent. Plant Genomics Journal, 4(3):163-168.
Nix, S. (2014): Leaf spot diseases of trees. Prevention and Control. Retrieved on October 22, 2014 from :http://forestry.about.coz/ys/ohtmpla ntdiseases.
Nutsugah, S. K.,Dogbe, J. K., Twumasi, J.K., Darley, K., Chipili, J., Sreenivasaprasad, S. and Sere, Y. (2004): Survey of rice blast and varietal screening in Ghana: In Sere, Y., Sreenivagasaprasad, S. and Nutsugah, S.K. (Eds). Rice blast in West Africa: Characterization of pathogen diversity. p 47-62. Cotonou Benin. Key Screening Sites and Host Resistance Africa Rice Center (WARDA).
Reis, A. and Boiteux, L. S. (2010): Alternaria spp infecting brassicaceae in the Brazilian neotropics, geographical distribution, host range and specificity. Journal of plant Pathology, 92:661- 668.
Report on Plant Disease (RPD) (1999): Early blight, Septoria leaf spot and anthracnose ripe rot of tomato. (NO. 908). Department of Crop Science University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign. Retrieved on August 15, 2014 from:
http://illinios.edu/diseases/rpds/908.p df. 15-08-2014.
Singh, B. B., Raj, D. R. M., Dashiel, K. E. and Jackai, L. E. N. (1997): Advances in cowpea research. Co- publication of International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Ibadan, Nigeria and Japan International Research center for Agricultural Sciences, Devon p 230-320.
Verma, O. P. and Gupta, R. B. L. (2008): A new host for Nigrospora sphaerica causing leaf spot on Glycyrrhiza glabra. Plant pathology, 57 (4): 250.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2007.01809.x
Wild, H. (1980): The compositea of the flora Zambasiaca area. Kirkia, 12(1): 23-113
Zheng, L., Shi, F., Kelly, D and Hsiang, T. (2012): First report of leaf spot of Kentucky bluegrass (Poapratensis) caused by Nigrospora oryzae in Ontorio. Plant Disease, 96(6):745-750
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
