Comparative Study of the Potentials of Aspergillus terreus, Bacillus species and Chlorella vulgaris on the Bio-Remediation of Reactive Red 198 (RR198) Dye

Sani, Z. M.; Dalhatu, A. S.; Ibrahim, S.

doi:10.47430/ujmr.2161.034

Authors

Sani, Z. M. Department of Biological Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1980-2516
Dalhatu, A. S. Department of Biological Sciences, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria
Ibrahim, S. Department of Biological Sciences, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.2161.034

Keywords:

Aspergillus terreus, Bacillus species, Chlorella vulgaris, Reactive red 198 (RR198) dye

Abstract

Re-dyeing of fabric materials using synthetic dyes (such as reactive dyes) is fast spreading in metropolitan Kano which causes serious damage to the ecosystems. This study was carried out to compare the potentials of Aspergillus terreus, Bacillus species and Chlorella vulgaris in bioremediation and adsorption of reactive red 198 (RR198) dye used in fabric re-dyeing. This was achieved through inoculation of pure cultures of the organisms in the dye solution. The highest percentage adsorption for all the test organisms was recorded after 48 hours of inoculation, with Chlorella vulgaris displaying 86.4%, Bacillus species, 84.4% and Aspergillus terreus, 69.8% of dye adsorption. The results showed statistically significant difference in dye adsorption among the three species with Chlorella vulgaris having the highest adsorption potential compared to the Bacillus species and Aspergillus terreus. The adsorption process fitted with the Freundlich's isotherm, revealing a multilayer adsorption pattern. There is need for the introduction of better strategies that detoxify dyes before discharging into the environment to avoid further contamination.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abel, U.A., Habor, G.R. and Oseribho, O.I. (2020). Adsorption Studies of Oil Spill Clean-up using Coconut Coir Activated Carbon (CCAC). IOSR J. Appl. Chem, 13 (3-11): 42-56.

Ahmad, M.T., Sushil, M. and Krishna, M. (2012).Influence of Dye Industrial Effluent on Physicochemical Characteristics Properties of Soil at Bhairavgarh, Ujjain, MP, India.Research Journal of Environmental Sciences, 1 (1): 50-53.

Al-Mohanna, M.T. (2016). Origin of OTA: Methods of Fungal Enumeration, Isolation and Identification, Chapter 7, 155-241. (DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.12515.96809)

Andrade, C.J. and Andrade, L.M. (2018). Microalgae for Bioremediation of Textile Wastewater: An Overview. MOJ FoodProcess Technol., 6 (5): 432-433.

https://doi.org/10.15406/mojfpt.2018.06.00200

Benson, H.J. (1998). Microbiological Applications; Laboratory Manual in General Microbiology, 7th edition, Mc- Graw Hill Company, New York, 44-45.

Bhole, B.D., Ganguly, B., Madhuram, A., Deshpande, D. and Joshi, J. (2004).Biosorption of Methyl Violet, Basic Fuchsin and their Mixture Using Dead Fungal Biomass.Current Science, 86: 1641-1645.

Cheesbrough, M. (2000).District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries (Part 2), Low-price editions, Cambridge University, Press, 47-49.

Chen, K.C., Wu, J.Y., Liou, D.J. and Hwang, S.C.J. (2003).Decolourisation of the Textile Dyes by Newly Isolated Bacterial Strains.Journal of Biotechnology, 101: 57-68.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1656(02)00303-6

Chin, J.Y., Chng, L.M., Leong, S.S., Yeap, S.P., Yasin, N.H.M. and Toh, P.Y. (2020). Removal of Synthetic Dye by Chlorella vulgaris Microalgae as Natural Adsorbent.Arab. J. Sci. Eng., 1-11.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-04557-9

Christian, V., Shrivastava, R., Shukla, D., Modi, H.A. and Vyas, B.R. (2005). Degradation of Xenobiotic Compounds by Lignin- Degrading White-Rot Fungi: Enzymology and Mechanism Involved. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 43: 301-312.

Dubey, S.K., Yadav, R., Chaturvedi, R.K., Yadav, R.K. and Minhas, P.S. (2003). Changes in Ground Water Quality as a Result of Land Disposal of Sewage Effluent: A Case Study, International Conference on "Water Quality Management", New Delhi, India. Spatial New York Science Journal, 3 (4).

El-Sheekh, M.M., Gharieb, M.M. and Abou-El- Souod, G.W. (2009).Biodegradation of Dyes by some Green Algae and Cyanobacteria.Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 63: 699-704.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2009.04.010

Ezenweani, S.R. and Kadiri, M.O. (2017).Decolourization of Textile Dye Using Microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris and Sphaerocysticschroeteri).Int. J. Res. Agric. Sci., 4 (9): 15-20.172

Fu, Y. and Viraraghavan, T. (2001). Fungal Decolorization of Dye Wastewater: A Review. Bioresour Technol., 79: 251-262.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00028-1

Gomez, A.J.L., Giráldez, I., Sánchez-rodas, D. and Morales, E. (2000). Comparison of the Feasibility of Three Goncalves, E.P.R., Bonaventura, R.A.R., and Mouvet, C. Sediments and Aquatic Mosses as Pollution Indicators for Heavy Metals in the Ave River Basin, Portugal. The Science of the Total Environment,114: 7-24.

https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(92)90410-T

Gupta, V.K., Rastogi, A., Saini, V.K. and Jain, N. (2006).Biosorption of Copper (II) from Aqueous Solutions by Spirogyra Species.J. Colloid Interface Sci., 296: 59-63.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2005.08.033

Ito, T. Shimada, Y. and Suto, T. (2018).Potential Use of Bacteria Collected from Human Bands for Textile Dye Decolorization. Water Resources and Industry, 20: 46-53.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2018.09.001

Karim, M.E., Dhar, K. and Hossain, M.T. (2018). Decolorization of Textile Reactive Dyes by Bacterial Monoculture and Consortium Screened from Textile Dyeing Effluent. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 16(2): 375-380.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.02.005

Karthikeyan, K., Nanthakumar, K., Shanthi, K. and Lakshmanaperumalsamy, P. (2010). Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Culture Conditions for Dye Decolorization by a Fungus Aspergillusniger HM11 Isolated from Dye Affected Soil. Iran. J. Microbiol., 2: 213-222.

Katheresan, V., Kansedo, J. and Law, S.Y. (2018). Efficiency of Various Recent Wastewater Dye Removal Methods: A Review. J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 6 (4): 4676-4697.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.06.060

Kaushik, P. and Malik, A. (2009). Fungal Dye Decolourization: Recent Advances and Future Potential. Environment International, 35: 127-141.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2008.05.010

Khalid, A., Kausar, F., Arshad, M., Mahmood, T. and Ahmed, I. (2012). Accelerated Decolorization of Reactive Azo Dyes Under Saline Conditions by Bacteria Isolated from Arabian Seawater Sediment. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 96: 1599-1606.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-3877-7

Kirk, T.K., Lamar, R.T. and Glaser, J.A. (1992).The Potential of White-rot Fungi in Bioremediation. Biotechnology and Environmental Science Molecular Approaches, Mongkolsuk, S. (Ed.), Plenum Press, UK, 131-138.

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-585-32386-2_15

Kotoula, D., Iliopoulou, A., Irakleous- Palaiologou, E., Gatidou, G., Aloupi, M., Antonopoulou, P., Fountoulakis,

M.S. and Stasinakis, A.S. (2020). Municipal Wastewater Treatment by Combining in Series Microalga Chlorella sorokiniana and MacrophyteLemna minor: Preliminary Results. J. Clean. Prod., 271: 122704 (1-7).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122704

Lee, D.J., Show, K.Y., & Wang, A. (2013). Unconventional Approaches to Isolation and Enrichment of Functional Microbial Consortium - A Review.Bioresource Technology, 136: 697-706.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.075

Maheswari, N.U. and Sivagami, S. (2016). Biological Degradation of Textile Dyes Using Marine Bacillus Species.Int. J. Pure App. Biosci., 4(4): 123-128.

https://doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.2326

Mahmoud, M.S., Mostafa, M.K., Mohamed, S.A., Sobhy, N.A. and Nasr, M. (2016). Bioremediation of Red Azo Dye from Aqueous Solutions by Aspergillusniger Strain Isolated from Textile Wastewater, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 5 (1): 547-554.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2016.12.030

Mullai, P., Yogeswari, M.K., Vishali, S., TejasNamboodiri, M.M., Gebrewold, B.D., Rene, E.R. and Pakshirajan, K. (2017). Aerobic Treatment of Effluents from Textile Industry. Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Biological Treatment of Industrial Effluents, Elsevier Publications, 1-44.

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63665-2.00001-1

Namdhari, B.S., Rohilla, S.K., Salar, R.K., Gahlawat, S.K., Bansal, P. and Saran,A.K. (2012).Decolorization of Reactive Blue MR, Using AspergillusSpecies Isolated from Textile Wastewater. ISCAJ. Biological Sci., 1 (1): 24-29.

Ngui, S.N., Azham, Z., Hairul, A.R. and Ahmad,H. (2013). Decolourisation of Synthetic Dyes by Endophytic Fungal Flora Isolated from Senduduk Plant (Melastoma malabathricum). Hindawi Publishing Corporation, ISRN Biotechnology, Article ID 260730, 2013: 1-8.

https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/260730

Palanivelan, R., Rajakumar, S., Jayanthi, P. and Ayyasamy, P.M. (2013). Potential Process Implicated in Bioremediation of Textile Effluents: A Review. Pelagia Research Library, Adv. Appl. Sci. Res., 4 (1): 131-145.

Renne, E.P. (2020). Reinterpreting Adire Cloth in Northern Nigeria. Textile History, Pasold Research Fund Limited, 1-26.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00404969.2020.1747372

Rohilla, S.K., Salar, R.K., Kumar, J. and Bansal,P. (2012).Evaluation of Different Aspergillus Species for Degradation of a Reactive Dye, Orange M2R.Annals of Biological Research, 3(9): 4491-4496.

Rosenberg, E. and Zilber-Rosenberg, I. (2016). Microbes Drive Evolution of Animals and Plants: the Hologenome Concept; Minireview. mBio, 7 (2): e01395-15 (1-8).

https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01395-15

Sani, R. K. and Banerjee, U. C. (1999).Decolorization of Triphenylmethane Dyes and Textile and Dyestuff Effluent by Kurthiasp, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 24: 433.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0229(98)00159-8

Sani, Z.M. and Abdullahi, I.L. (2019). An Impact Assessment of Dye-wastewater of Selected Sites in Urban Kano, Nigeria. BAJOPAS, Special Conference Edition, November, 2019, 12 (1): 486-492.

Saranraj, P., Sumathi, V. and Reetha, D. (2010).Decolourization and Degradation of Direct Azo Dyes and Biodegradation of Textile Dye Effluent by Using Bacteria Isolated from Textile Dye Effluent. Journal of Ecobiotechnology, 2 (7): 7-11.

Saratale, R.G., Saratale, G.D., Chang, J.S. and Govindwar, S.P. (2011). Bacterial Decolorization and Degradation of Azo Dyes: A Review. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 42: 138-157.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2010.06.006

Sen, S.K., Raut, S., Bandyopadhyay, P. and Raut, S. (2016). Fungal Decolouration and Degradation of Azo Dyes: A Review. Fungal Biology Reviews, 30(3): 112-133.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2016.06.003

Shah, M.P., Patel, K.A., Nair, S.S. and Darji, A.M. (2013).Potential Effect of Two Bacillus spp on Decolorization of Azo dye.J. Bioremed. Biodeg., 4:199.

https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6199.1000199

Subashini, P.S. and Ragiv, P. (2018).An Investigation of Textile Wastewater Treatment Using Chlorella vulgaris.Orient. J. Chem., 34 (5): 2517- 2524.

https://doi.org/10.13005/ojc/340538

Verma, S.K., Kumar, A., Lal, M. and Debnath (Das), M. (2015).Biodegradation of Synthetic Dye by Endophytic Fungal Isolate in Calotropisprocera Root. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol., 3 (3): 373- 380.

https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i3.13136

Vikrant, K., Giri, B.S., Raza, N., Roy, K., Kim, K. , Rai, B.N. and Singh, R.S. (2018). Recent Advancements in Bioremediation of Dye: Current Status and Challenges. Bioresour.Technol., 253: 355-367.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.029

Wang, B.E., Hu, Y.Y., Xie, L. and Peng, K. (2008).Biosorption Behavior of Azo Dye by Inactive CMC Immobilized Aspergillusfumigatus Beads.Bioresour. Technol., 99 (4): 794-800.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.01.043

Young, L. and Juan, Y. (2001).Ligninase Catalyzed Decolourisation of Synthetic Dyes. Water Resources, 31(5): 1187-1193.

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(96)00380-6