Water Quality Assessment of Selected Boreholes in Federal University Dutse Campus North-West, Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.1832.004Keywords:
Borehole, Escherichia coli counts, Groundwater, Water qualityAbstract
The present study was conducted to assess the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of water sampled from different boreholes on the campus of Federal University Dutse. Water samples were collected from six (6) different boreholes. Physicochemical parameters; pH, Electrical conductivity (EC) and temperature were measured in-situ. pH, EC and temperature ranged from 6.53¬7.80, 422.0¬690µ/cm and 31.0¬33.0ºC respectively. Turbidity, total hardness and nitrite (NO2) were found to be in the range of 0.01¬41.2NTU, 51.3¬102.6mg/L and 0.001¬0.06mg/L respectively. Bacteriological analysis also revealed the presence of E. coli in four (4) of the assessed boreholes. Upon comparison with water quality standards of World Health Organisation (WHO) and Nigeria Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ), it was found that some of the parameters were above the permissible standards for potable water that is fit for human consumption. It is therefore recommended that all stakeholders entrusted with water quality management should be actively involved in ensuring that all public serving boreholes are subjected to appropriate water quality tests with a view to ascertaining its quality so as to adequately advise on its consumption status. Water quality inspectors should be sent on regular basis to the tertiary institutions in the state for routine check-up.
Downloads
References
Ahmed, H. (2003). Effect of Sanitation on Groundwater Quality. International Conference on Towards the Millennium Development Goal, pp.183-185.
Akpoborie, T., Egbo, S. H. O., Ebenuwa C. C and Emeshili E. M (2008). Comparative study of the Satchet Water in Asaba Metropolis, South-South, Nigeria. Book of proceeding of international conference of the chemical Society of Nigeria held in Effurun, Delta State
Amoo, A. O. Gambo, Y. H., Adeleye, A. O. and Amoo, N. B. (2018). Assessment of Groundwater Quality in Sharada Industrial Area of Kano, North-Western Nigeria. FUW Trends in Science & Technology Journal, 3 (2A): 407 - 411
American Public Health Association (APHA) (2012). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 22nd edition edited by E. W. Rice, R. B. Baird, A. D. Eaton and L. S. Clesceri. American Water Works Association (AWWA) and Water Pollution Control Federation (WPCF). Washington, D.C.
Baveja, C. (2013). Text Book of Microbiology Fourth Edition. New Delhi: Arya Publications.
Bello, U. F and Bichi, M. H. (2013). Heavy metals pollution in surface water and Groundwater used for irrigation along River Tatsawarki in Kano state, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Engineering. 3(7): 2278-8719.
Berthold, S. (2010). Synthetic Convection Log- Characterization of Vertical Transport Processes in Fluid- Filled Boreholes. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 72 (1): 20-27.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2010.06.007
Egwari L. and Aboaba, O. O. (2002). Bacteriological quality of domestic waters: Revision. Saude Publica, 36(4): 513-520.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102002000400019
Gundry, S., Conroy, R. and Wright, J. (2003). A systematic review of the health outcomes related to household water quality in developing countries. Journal on Water health. 2(1-13.
https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2004.0001
Haruna, A. Uzaini, A. and Harrison, G. F. S. (2008). Evaluation of Water Quality of Shallow Tube Wells of Some Fadama Lands in Zaria City, Nigeria. Book of Proceedings of the international conference of the chemical society of Nigeria held in Effurun, Delta State.
Hassan, A., Kura, N. U., Amoo, A. O., Adeleye, A.O., Ijanu, E. M., Bate, G. B. Amoo, N. B. and Okunlola, I. A. (2018). Assessment of Landfill Induced Ground Water Pollution of Selected Boreholes and Hand-Dug Wells around Ultra-Modern Market Dutse North- West, Nigeria. The Environmental Studies, 1 (4): 1-10.
Ibrahim, B. U., Auta, J. and Balogun, J. K. (2009). An Assessment of the Physico-chemical Parameters of Kontagora Reservoir, Niger State, Nigeria. Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2(1), 64 - 69.
https://doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v2i1.58462
Ikem A, Odueyungbo, S. Egiebor, N. O. and Nyavor, K. (2002). Chemical Quality of Bottle Waters from Three Cities in Eastern Alabama. Science of the total environment, 285(1): 165-175.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(01)00915-9
Lu, X. X. (2004). Vulnerability of Water Discharge of Large Chinese Rivers to Environmental Changes: An Overview. Reg Environ Change, 4:182-191.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-004-0080-0
Mark, G. W. and Nadel, E. R. (2011). Body Fluid Balance during Heat Stress in Human. Supplement 14: Handbook of Physiology, Environmental Physiology. Available at http://www.comprehensivephysiology.com/WileyCDA/CompPhysArticle/refId- cp040110.html
Mohammad, S. D., Fikri, N. A., Irda, K., Dwiluci, A., Emma, T. S. and Tantowi, E. P (2015). Ground water Quality Assessments for suitable Drinking and Agricultural Irrigation Using Physicochemical water analysis in the Rancaekek-Jatinangor District, West Java, Indonesia. Int. Conference on Environmental Sciences and Technology. Vol. 84: 56-62
Nishith, K. and Chakraborty, P. (2014). Manual of Practical Microbiology and Parasitology. New Delhi: New Central Book Agency.
Offei-Ansah, C. (2012). Food habits and preferences as a factor in the choice of meals by students in the University of Cape Coast. Nutrition and health 21(3):151-172.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0260106012467245
Okeola, F. O., Kolawole O. D. and Ameen O. M (2010). Comparative Study of Physic- chemical Parameters of Water from a River and Its Surrounding Wells for Possible Interactive Effect. Advances in environmental Biology, 4(3):336-344.
Okuo, J. M., Okonji, E. J. and Omoyerere, F. R. (2007) Hydro physiochemical Assessment of the Warri Coastal Aquifer, Southern Nigeria. Journal of Chemical Society, 32 (1) Pg. 53-64.
Onwughara, N. I, Ajiwe, V. I. E. and Nria, B. (2013). Physicochemical Studies of water from selected boreholes in Umahia North, LGA of Abia State, Nigeria. Int. journal of Pure App. Biosci. 1(3): 34-44.
Palmuleni, L. and Mercy, A. (2015). Physicochemical and Microbial Analysis of Selected Boreholes in Mahikeng, South Africa. Int. Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 12: 8619-8630.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120808619
Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. (2007). Updated World Map of the Köppen- Geiger Climate Classification, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11: 633-1644,
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007
Santra, S. (2014). Environmental Science. New Delhi: New Central Book Agency.
Shryer, D. (2007). Body Fuel: A Guide to Good Nutrition, Marshall Cavendish.
Sunnudo-Wilhelmy, S. A. and Gill, G. A. (1999). Impact of the Clean Water Act on the Levels of Toxic Metals in Urban Estuaries: The Hundson River Estuary Revisited. Environmental Science Technology, 33: 3471-3481.
https://doi.org/10.1021/es981130z
Tessema, A., Mohammed, A., Birhanu, T., Negu,T. (2014). Assessment of Physico-chemical Water Quality of Bira Dam, Bati Wereda, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. J Aquac Res Development, 5: 267.
https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9546.1000267
United State Food and Drug Administration (USFDA). (2018). Bacteriological Analytical Manual (BAM) Chapter One: Food Sampling and Preparation of Sample Homogenate. Available athttps://www.fda.gov/food/foodsciencerese arch/laboratorymethods/ucm063335.htm Retrieved on 26th August 2018.
World Health Organisation (WHO). (2011). Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality. Available at https://www.epd.gov.hk/eia/register/repo rt/eiareport/eia_2242014/EIA/app/app02.0 2.pdf. Assessed on December 14, 2018.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.