Antbacterial Property of Ethanolic Extract from the Leaves of Acacia nilotica WILD. ON Staphylococcus aureus AND Pseudomonas aeruginosa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47430/ujmr.1831.018Keywords:
Antibacterial activity, Acacia nilotica, column chromatography, ethanol, extract, pathogenicAbstract
The traditional medicine involves the use of different plants or the bioactive constituents of different plants to cure diseases and this was done long time ago based on the history of human being Acacia nilotica is a multipurpose plant belonging to the family Mimosaceae. Commonly known as Prickly acacia in English and Bagaruwa in Hausa language, It have been used traditionally to treat infections. The present study aimed at investigating antibacterial activity of Acacia nilotica Wild. ethanolic leaves extract and its column fractions against selected multi drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Extract of Acacia nilotica were prepared using ethanol on the basis of their increasing polarity with varying concentrations and were screened for the antibacterial activity using disc diffusion assay. The crude extract was further subjected to column and thin layer chromatography (TLC) for bioassay guided fractionation; thus a total of 74 fractions were obtained. The fractions were screened for the antibacterial activity, fraction 6 (CF6) showed highest zone of inhibition of 12 mm and 9 mm against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa respectively. Therefore this study demonstrated the value of A. nilotica plant as alternative for the treatment of bacterial infections. The most active fraction can be further explored to isolate and characterize the bioactive components responsible for biological activity to develop new antibacterial drug.
Downloads
References
Agarry, O. O., Olaleye, M. T., and Bello, C. O. (2005). A comparative Antimicrobial activities of Aloe vera gel and Leaf. Afr. J. Biotech., 4(12): 1413 1414.
Angela, U. N., Dabai, Y. U., Samuel, R., and Odoh, J. O. (2016). Antibacterial Activity of Column Fractions of Acacia nilotica Leaves Extract. The Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal, 3(3):38-42.
Angelo, R. U. (2015). Original Research Article Efficacy of Acacia nilotica Extracts Towards Microbicidal Activity against Pathogens, 4(10), 33-42.
Arunkumar, S., and Muthuselvam. (2009). Analysis of phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of Aloe vera L. against clinical pathogens. World Journal of Agricultural Science 5(5): 572576.
Cheesbrough, M. (2000). District Laboratory Practices in Tropical countries Part 2. Pub. Cambridge University press, U.S.A.
Coates, A., Hu, Y., Bax, R., and Page, C. (2002). The future challenges facing the development of new antimicrobial drugs. Nat. Rev. Drug. Discov. 1, 895- 910.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd940
Davies D. R., and Johnson, T. M. (2007). Isolation of Three Components from Spearmint Oil: An Exercise in Column and Thin-Layer Chromatography. Journal of Chemistry Eductaion, 84(2): 318
https://doi.org/10.1021/ed084p318
Emam S. S. (2010). A comparative study of alkaliodal and tannin contents of some Reseda species.Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 6(7): 888 - 896.
Fabricant, D., and Famsworth, N. (2001). The value of plant used in traditional medicine for drug discovery. Environmental Health Programme,109 (1): 69-75.
https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.01109s169
Harborne, J. B. (1998). Phytochemical Methods. A guide to modern techniques of plant analysis (3rd edition). Chapman and Hall publishing. London. United Kingdom, 1998, 67.
Harbottle, H., Thakur, S., Zhao, S., and White, D.G. (2006). Genetics of antimicrobial resistance.Anim. Biotechnol. 17, 111-124.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10495390600957092
Jonathan, M. S., Lien, N., Hector, M., and Kelly, N. (2007). TLC plates as a convenient platform for solvent-free reactions. Chemical Communications, 12: 1240 - 1241.
https://doi.org/10.1039/b616311d
Kavitha, P. A., Kumar, P., Murthy, T. P. N., and Gopinath, S. M. (2013). Methanolic extract of Acacia nilotica and antibacterial activity against Hospital isolates of Bengaluru district. Int. J. Latest Res. Sci. Technol. 2, 522-524.
Leonard G. O. A., Edeghagba, B., Omolara, M. A., Aniekpeno, I. E., and Obinna, T. E. (2013). Antimicrobial activity of extracts of Jatrophacurcas and Calotropis procera leaves against pathogenic isolates from motorcycle helmets in Lagos metropolis. International Journal of Curr Microbiol App Sci. 2(12):292-302
Mattana, C. M., Satorres, S. E., Escobar, F., Sabini, C., Sabini, L., Fusco, M., and Alcaraz, E. (2012).Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of Acacia aroma extracts.Emir.Journal of Food Agric., 24(4): 308 313.)
Muhammad, B., Sadiq, 1., Joel, T., Tay, Z., Aye, C.1. and Anil, K.A. (2015). Antibacterial Activities and Possible Modes of Action of Acacia nilotica (L.) Del. against Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli and Salmonella. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules2201 0047
NPC, (2006). National Population Commission; Population and Housing Cencus, Populatiom distribution in Sex, State, LGA and Senatorial. http://www.population.gov.ng
Rosina, K., Barira, I., Mohd, A. and Shazi, S. (2009). Antimicrobial Activity of Five Herbal Extracts Against Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Strains of Bacteria and Fungus of Clinical Origin. Molecules., 14(2): 586- 597.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14020586
Seigler, D. S. (2003). Phytochemistry of Acacia- sensu lato .Biochem. Syst. Ecology., 31(8): 845 -873.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(03)00082-6
Sharma, A. K., Kumar, A., Yadav, S. K., and Rahal, A. (2014). Studies on antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects of hot aqueous extract of Acacia nilotica L. Leaves against common veterinary pathogens. Vet Med Int. 2014:747042.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/747042
Silva, N. C. C, and Fernandes J. A. (2010). Biological properties of medicinal plants: a review of their antimicrobial activity. The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases, 16 (3): 402-413.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992010000300006
Suffredini, I. B., Sader, H. S,; Goncalves, A. G., Reis, A. O., Gales, A. C., Varella, A.D., and Younes. R.N. (2004). Screening of Antibacterial Activity Extracts Obtained from Plants Native to Brazilian Amazon Rain Forest. Braz. J. Med. Ethnopharmacol. 62, 183-193.
World Health Organization (2011). Quality Control Methods for Herbal Materials. pp. 9-31
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 UMYU Journal of Microbiology Research (UJMR)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
